Types of Periodontal Treatments: Scaling, Root Planing & Gum Surgery Explained

1. SCALING AND ROOT PLANING –

Scaling, also known as deep cleaning, is the most common treatment for early-stage gum disease (gingivitis) and moderate periodontitis. During the procedure, your dentist or dental hygienist carefully removes plaque and tartar buildup from the surfaces of your teeth and below the gum line, where regular brushing and flossing cannot reach.

After scaling, root planing is performed to smooth the roots of your teeth, which helps gums reattach to the teeth and prevents bacteria from accumulating in the future. The procedure is typically done under local anesthesia, so patients feel minimal discomfort. Some mild swelling or sensitivity may occur afterward, which usually subsides in a few days. Scaling is highly effective in reducing gum inflammation, bleeding, and bad breath, and it helps stop the progression of gum disease if done regularly.

2. GUM SURGERY –

In more advanced cases of periodontal disease, where deep pockets have formed between the teeth and gums or there is significant bone loss, gum surgery may be necessary. The main goal of gum surgery is to clean the infected areas, reduce pocket depth, and restore healthy gum tissue.

There are different types of gum surgery depending on the condition:

• Flap Surgery: The gums are lifted to remove tartar from deep pockets and then sutured back to fit snugly around the teeth.
• Gum Grafting: Tissue is taken from another area (often the palate) or using donor tissue to cover exposed roots, preventing sensitivity and improving appearance.
• Bone Grafting or Regenerative Procedures: If gum disease has caused bone loss, procedures are done to regenerate lost bone and tissue, providing better support for teeth.

Gum surgery is usually performed under local anesthesia, and patients may experience mild swelling or discomfort for a few days after the procedure. Following the dentist’s post-operative instructions and maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial for healing and long-term success.